1. A very beautiful land 
New Zealand until 1820
Maori in New Zealand by 1000AD
Abel Tasman visits: 1642
Captain James Cook visits: 1769
Captain Cook and first contacts with Maori
The name of New Zealand
de Surville visits: 1769
Marion du Fresne visits: 1772
The British colony of New South Wales in Australia
The sealers and whalers
Early protection for Maori in NSW
Early Maori conflicts
The Boyd massacre
The idea of religion and Empire
The Church Missionary Society (CMS)
Maori religious beliefs
Samuel Marsden: the first missionary
Maori becomes a written language
By the start of 1820

2. Thunder and then death 
New Zealand 1820-1830
The British Colonial Office is formed 
The threads leading to the Musket Wars
The North Island waterways used by Maori
The Musket Wars begin
Introducing Te Rauparaha
The trade in shrunken heads
The effect of the Musket Wars
Introducing Rev. Henry Williams
The Wesleyan missionaries
The Maori chiefs of Northland
Introducing Kawiti 
Introducing Tamati Waka Nene
Introducing Hone Heke
Maori and trade
Sealing and whaling again
The problem of law and British subjects in NZ
Dumont d’Urville first visits:1824
Baron de Thierry queries British claims in NZ 
A New Zealand colony is unacceptable
Calls for British intervention to protect trade
The New Zealand Question

3. We are a people without possessions 
The appointment of a Resident to new Zealand
Pride in Britain and the Empire
The idea of the Noble Savage
Early ideas about colonies: Bentham, Mill and Malthus
Free Trade arguments of Bentham and Mill
The British Colonial Office in the 1830s
Samuel Marsden gives his opinion of NZ
Yate and the 1831 petition to the King
The trader McDonnell adds his voice
Increasing pressure from New South Wales
Increasing public clamour in Britain
The Colonial Office appoints a Resident

4. Declared to be an independent state 
James Busby as Resident
The role of a British Resident
Introducing James Busby
The appointment of Busby as Resident
The limitations imposed on Busby
Busby and his house
The settler reaction to Busby’s appointment 
Busby sets out for New Zealand
Busby arrives in New Zealand
Busby’s house again – and land at Waitangi
Life as the Resident
The story of Betty Guard
Busby’s flag for ships trading from NZ
A second Resident is appointed 
A major initiative from Busby
The 1835 Declaration of Independence
The effect of the Declaration in London 
The shortcomings of the Declaration
Waning law and order again
A growing realisation about the Residency
FitzRoy and Darwin write a letter

5. A passion for this art 
Towards the end of the Residency
Introducing William Colenso, the printer
The first printing in New Zealand: 1835
Maori literacy by the late 1830s
James Clendon is appointed US Consul
Baron de Thierry again
Introducing Bishop Pompallier
The Protestant and Catholic missionaries
The missionary influence nears its height
Busby and the end of the Residency

6. The fittest country for colonisation 
The decision to annex New Zealand
The Colonial Office and Sir James Stephen
Introducing Edward Gibbon Wakefield
Wakefield’s systematic colonisation
The rise of the New Zealand Association
The changing political scene in Britain
The 1837 House of Commons Select Committee on Aborigines
Introducing Captain William Hobson
Hobson’s report on New Zealand
Aborigines have rights in their own lands
Colonial Office opposition to the New Zealand Association
The 1838 House of Lords Select Committee on New Zealand
The New Zealand Land Company opens for business
The influences on the Colonial Office: 1839
The decision is made to annex New Zealand using a treaty
The role of a Governor in a British colony

7. Establishing a settled form of civil government 
The Colonial Office instructs Hobson
Why Britain was becoming involved
Concerns with commercial colonisation
A more active role is needed
Maori sovereignty
Maori free and intelligent consent
Maori cannot act together as a nation
The possible expansion of settlements
The need to assume sovereignty
Lawlessness and promotion of Maori welfare
Land purchases and titles
Principles of sincerity, justice and good faith
The Protector of Aborigines
The issue of cannibalism
The administration of the colony
The principle of self–funding
The validity of land titles
Hobson is to rely on Gipps
Hobson is to write the treaty
The full text of Normanby’s Instructions

8. A bold proceeding 
Britannia is established as Hobson arrives in New Zealand
The NZ Company instructs Wakefield
The Tory leaves London: 1839
The Tory reaches Port Nicholson: 1839
The Port Nicholson Purchase: 1839
More emigrant ships set sail
The Company purchases land in Marlborough
Britannia, the Company’s first town
The last flicker of the Musket Wars in the South Island
Support for Hobson from Gipps in Sydney
About Kororareka, Bay of Islands
Opinion is divided over Hobson
About the officials with Hobson
Hobson arrives in Kororareka

9. Is not the land already gone? 
The Treaty of Waitangi
Wednesday 29th January: Hobson arrives
Thursday 30th January: Hobson meets with citizens
Friday 31st January: the invitations go out
Saturday 1st February: the first notes 
Sunday 2nd February: the Treaty draft 
Monday 3rd February: Treaty draft returned
Tuesday 4th February: Treaty draft approved
Wednesday 5th February: the Treaty debate
Thursday 6th February: the Treaty is signed
Friday and Saturday
The Treaty and Terra Nullis
The Treaty on tour to gather signatures
Colenso prints the Maori Treaty
Clendon sends Treaty copies to the USA
Hobson sails to the Waitemata
Collecting Treaty signatures is finished
The history of the Treaty documents
Collecting signatures on the Treaty Sheets
The locations, and number of signatures, where the Treaty was signed
The Maori Treaty documents today
The English Treaty documents today
Which Treaty is the primary Treaty?
The Texts of the Treaty of Waitangi
The English translations of the Maori Treaty 

10. On the grounds of discovery 
The Proclamations of Sovereignty
Problems for Hobson from Port Nicholson
Hobson’s patience is stretched
Hobson’s Proclamation of Sovereignty
The text of the Proclamation of Sovereignty
Hobson asserts his authority in Port Nicholson
The formal status of sovereignty
Sovereignty is formally secured
Akaroa: a test of sovereignty
A voice of dissention: Barzillai Quaife
Hobson starts to govern

12. Reconciling conflicting interests 
Administration, land and law under Hobson
Early concerns on enforcing the law
The powers of the Governor
The Executive Council
The Protector of Aborigines
The Legislative Council
The appointment of the Land Commissioners
The appointment of Swainson, Martin and Outhwaite
William Swainson, the second Attorney-General
Swainson and law
Traditional views of land
Pre-1840 land purchases
The Pennington Award
William Spain, the Land Commissioner 
William Martin: the Chief Justice
The limited reach of the law

13. I hold no enmity against man 
Crime and punishment: the Maketu case
The crime of murder in the Bay of Islands
Violence erupts in Northland
The trial of Maketu
The execution of Maketu
The aftermath of the execution
One law for all people in New Zealand

14. Frugality in all things 
The economy under Hobson
Hobson’s budget for 1840
Instructions on frugality
Hobson’s lavish spending
The economy in 1841
The economy in 1842
The contribution of Maori to the economy
The fall of Hobson
Looking back on the economy under Hobson

15. Assailed by the bitterest abuse 
The end of Hobson
The settlers attack Hobson
Quaife attacks Hobson
Hobson’s health deteriorates
Conflict in the Bay of Plenty: 1842
Hobson’s rule collapses
The death of Hobson
News of Hobson’s death reaches London
Hobson’s legacy to New Zealand
The Colonial Office view of sovereignty

16. They had killed my wife 
The Wairau Massacre
The Wairau in 1843
The 1832 Blenkinsop Purchase
The NZ Company discovers the Wairau
The murder in Cloudy Bay: 1842
A serious situation with Te Rauparaha
The surveyors’ houses in Wairau are burnt
An arrest party goes to Wairau
The first shots and the surrender
The massacre at Wairau: 1843
The widespread effects of the massacre
Initial enquiries into the massacre

17. Pack up, its time to go 
The arrival of Robert FitzRoy, the second Governor
Introducing Robert FitzRoy
Early reaction to Fitzroy
FitzRoy arrives in New Zealand

18. Goodwill and true Christian conduct 
Administration and law under FitzRoy
The Legislative Council reconvenes
Difficulties in representation 
Corruption in the administration
The enquiry into the Wairau Massacre
The Native Exemption Ordinance 1844
Changes in the Supreme Court
Growing intolerance towards Maori

19. The exchequer is empty 
FitzRoy and the economy
The extent of the financial problems
Currency and banks in New Zealand
Tackling the problems
Tackling the problems: currency and debentures
Tackling the problems: pre-emption
Considering pre-emption
William Brown and the Auckland Clique
Pre-emption: the New Zealand Company
Pre-emption: 10s per acre
The downturn in Northland
Tackling the problems: Customs duties
Pre-emption: one penny per acre
The Government is bankrupt: 1844
The economy in 1845
Looking back on the past five years

20. My heart is dark 
Land issues and the end of FitzRoy
Spain’s hearing into the Port Nicholson Purchase
NZ Company opposition to FitzRoy
Spain’s Taranaki land enquiry
The 1844 Select Committee: Waste land
Hone Heke cuts down the flagpole 
FitzRoy arrives in New Plymouth
Moew problems over land
Problems around Wanganui: 1844
Pressure grows for FitzRoy’s removal
FitzRoy receives the Select Committee report
Problems around Nelson: 1845
The NZ Company intensifies its attacks
FitzRoy is officially recalled
FitzRoy receives his recall
Captain George Grey, the third Governor

21. The colour has fallen 
The fall of the flagstaff and the sack of Kororareka
Maori in transition
Hard times in Northland
Hone Heke extends his power
The lead-up to war
Heke arrives in Kororareka
The flagstaff first falls: July 1844
FitzRoy sends troops to Kororareka
The prelude to war
The attack on Kororareka: March, 1845
The sack of Kororareka: March, 1845
The losses in the fight
The aftermath of Kororareka: Hone Heke and Kawiti
The aftermath of Kororareka: Waka Nene
The aftermath of Kororareka: in Auckland
The aftermath of Kororareka: the Government

22. Deep waters 
Battles at Otuihu, Ohaeawai and Ruapekapeka
Fitzroy declares war
The troops assemble
British troops attack Pomare’s pa at Otuihu
The first campaign: Puketutu
The attack on the Kapotai pa 
Heke attempts to recover his pa at Te Ahuahu 
The second campaign: Ohaeawai
Preparing for Ruapekapeka
FitzRoy’s peace proposal
The fortifications at Ruapekapeka
FitzRoy is replaced by Grey
The third campaign: Ruapekapeka 
The end of the war in the north
After the war
After 1845

23. The final days 
The final days of Busby
Busby’s legacy to New Zealand
The final days of Hone Heke
The final days of Kawiti 
The final days of Waka Nene
The final days of the missionaries
The final days of the George Clarke
The final days of the New Zealand Company
The final days of Edward Gibbon Wakefield
The final days of Fitzroy
FitzRoy’s legacy to New Zealand
Looking back: the final time

Appendices
Timeline
Suggested reading
Internet resources
Text sources
Picture sources
Index